Research
Research briefings and notable developments on the Spring Revolution and federal union-building
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Resistance Force
The Spring Revolution began as a peaceful protest against the military coup, but after the violent suppression of protesters, it shifted towards armed rebellion. The movement for self-defense rights, the right to protect oneself, and the right to defend one's own area with arms started in March 2021.
Irrawaddy-Based IDLA Army Formed
In Announcement No. 2 issued on February 28, Mann Phan Shaung, Chair of the Irrawaddy Delta Nationalities State Council, announced that the Irrawaddy Delta Liberation Army (IDLA) was formed on January 1, 2025, with four objectives, including fighting the Four Cuts strategy.
Yaw Army (YA) Announces Merger with YPDF into a Single Force
On March 3, the Yaw Army (YA) announced that it would build a single force together with the Yaw People's Defence Force (YPDF), which has now been permanently dissolved, and continue to fight.
Yaw Region People's Defence Force Permanently Dissolved
It was announced on March 2 that the Yaw Region People's Defence Force (YPDF) has been permanently dissolved, under a decision of the force's Central Executive Committee meeting (2/2025) held in the second week of February 2025, in order to move forward in a better direction.
People's Revolution Front Issues Political Manifesto with Three Principles
On February 27, the People's Revolution Front (PRF) announced, together with its political manifesto, that it embraces social democracy and will uphold three principles: uprooting military dictatorship, democracy, and peace.
CC and ICNCC Agree to Form a Single Chin National Council
On February 26, the Chinland Council (CC) and the Interim Chin National Consultative Council (ICNCC) jointly announced that, believing there should not be two councils in Chin State, they had agreed to merge under the name "Chin National Council."
PDF Gangaw Announces Withdrawal from NUG to Join Forces with Yaw Army
The battalion commander including the members of the Battalion No. 12 of the People's Defense Force - Gangaw (Yaw Region) under the Ministry of Defense (MoD) of the National Unity Government (NUG) have announced on February 19, 2025, in their statement No. 1/2025, that they would withdraw from the MoD and join forces with the Yaw Army (YA). They will continue to fight until the liberation of the Yaw region and the entire country of Myanmar, and until a federal democracy is achieved.
Ghalon Column Reveals Comprehensive Cooperation with Mon State Liberation Army
The Galon Column which had withdrawn from the the People's Defense Forces (PDF), the Ministry of Defense (MoD) of the National Unity Government (NUG) announced on February 10 that they would fully cooperate under the Chain of Command (COC) of the Mon Liberation Army (MLA) to continue to end the military dictatorship and to carry out military operations.
NUG Defence Secretary Retires from Post
U Naing Htoo Aung, Permanent Secretary of the National Unity Government (NUG) Ministry of Defence (MoD), announced on his social media page on February 9 that he had retired from all duties related to the ministry.
C2N3 Emphasizes that Releasing Detainees is Vital for Resolving the Country’s Issues
On January 3, C2N3 jointly issued a statement declaring that the release of political leaders, including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, who have been arrested and detained, is crucial for resolving the current national issues.
NUG and PIO/PIA Forge Alliance for Military and Administrative Cooperation
The People’s Independent Organization/People’s Independent Army (PIO/PIA) announced on January 28th that they have reached an agreement to cooperate and collaborate with the National Unity Government (NUG) in military and public administration efforts.
Formation of the 'Ramanya Joint Forces’ by Mon Armed Group
The Four Mon Armed Forces Coalition announced on January 19th that a joint military force called the 'Ramanya Joint Forces’ was formed on January 17th for regional joint military operations
Tedim Township Representatives Urge Chinland Council Forces to Halt Military Actions
The 2020 elected representatives of the Tedim township issued a statement on January 17th and called for the immediate cessation of military operations of the Chin National Front (CNF) and other members of the Chinland Council during a period of intense military action led by the Interim Chin National Consultative Council (ICNCC) and Chin Brotherhood (CB), with the objectives of carrying out urban warfare.
Kyaw Administrative Unit of People’s Administrative Team Revises Local Prohibitions, Omits Capital Punishment
After stating a letter No. 003/010/Ga Ga (KaTaNa)/Oo-1 that if it was found that the prohibitions had been violated the punishment up to and including the death penalty would be carried out by local regulations, and receiving severe criticism, the Central Leading Committee of People’s Administrative Team of Kyaw Administrative Unit, Gangaw Township reissued a letter No. 003/010/Gc (Katana)/U-1on December 16 stating that strict action will be taken.
Dispute Erupts Among Revolutionary Groups Regarding Tedim City Seizure
The Zomi Federal Union/PDF Zoland announced on January 15 that the Chin Brotherhood (CB), the Interim Chin National Consultative Council (ICNCC) defense force, had already set up a process to develop the city, the capital of the Zomi people, into a liberated area, and would not hand over the city to any organization such as the SAC, Chin National Front (CNF/CNA), and PDA.
Tedim Township Council Declares Intent to Self-Manage City Capture
On January 14, the Tedim Township Council announced that the Tedim PDA, under the control of the Council, would conduct the urban battle in collaboration with the allied forces and that no organization would have the right to oppose it. The council also called on any revolutionary group that genuinely seeks to eliminate the armed military regime to join in and offer support.
NUG-MOD Launches 2024 Military Progress Report
The Ministry of Defense (MOD) of the National Unity Government (NUG) released the “2024 Military Progress Report” on January 4th, which described the three significant advancements during the Spring Revolution, as the “All Roads Lead to Naypyidaw” strategic plan was being implemented through operations.
Formation of the New Sagaing Brigade by MDY-PDF
The People’s Defense Force - Mandalay (MDY-PDF) announced on December 30 that a new brigade has been formed to accelerate operations in Sagaing Division in 2025.
Formation of the Bamar Army to represent the Bamar people
The Central Committee of the Bamar Army has announced the formation of the“Bamar Army” on January 1, 2025, to represent the Bamar people in the emergence of the Bamar state by holding the Panglong spirit as a political principle.
Completely captures of Western Military Command (Ann), Mindat, and Kanpetlet
In the third week of December, the Western Military Command of the terrorist military regime in Ann township, Rakhine State, and Mindat and Kanpetlet townships were completely captured by the Arakan Army (AA) and the Chin Brotherhood (CB).
Four Mon Armed Organizations Unite to Establish a Single Army
It was stated on December 19 that the four local-based armed organizations that are fighting against the terrorist military regime in Mon State have agreed to implement the emergence of a single Mon Army.
KNDF takes action against three people responsible for the death of 18 medics
The Karenni Nationalities Defence Force (KNDF) stated on December 14 that a school principal, a physical training instructor, and a training assistant responsible for the deaths of 18 medic trainees who had attended in Frontline Combat Medic, had been sentenced to prison for a conspicuous offense by the Central Military Tribunal.
NUG Launches Regional Military Command in Ayeyarwady
The Regional Military Command - Ayeyarwady of the People's Defense Force under the authority of the Ministry of Defense of the National Unity Government (NUG) issued a statement No. (1/2024) December 12 stated that it had formulated column, battalion, and strategies step by step and would make a formal declaration on defense.
KNDF Presents Evidence on Toxic Gas Attack by Military Regime
The Karenni Nationalities Defense Force (KNDF) stated on December 13th along with the evidence that during the fighting on December 7th and 8th near Moebye township between Karenni and Shan states, the terrorist military group used S-HPOS branded toxic gas tablets in a drone-launched bombing.
Clarification from Salin People’s Administration Team: Not Associated with Death Penalty
On December 1, the public notice stated that the decision to execute U Sa, the alleged rapist and murderer that happened in Gon Nyin New village, Salin Township, Minbu District, Magway region, was made by the unanimous consent of Heineken, the humanitarian officer of the Salin Township, and was not related to the Township People’s Administration Team, and it was issued in the name of the Township People’s Administration Team Officer, Hnin Si.